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OH 24 (nicknamed "Twiggy") is a fossilized skull of the species ''Homo habilis''. It was discovered in Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania by Peter Nzube in 1968. The skull was found crushed almost flat and was therefore named after the famously skinny model of the time Twiggy. Estimated at about 1.8 mya (million years old), the cranium was found crushed flat and cemented together with a mass coating of limestone. Originally, there was very little interest placed on the discovery of the skull, but after much effort by scientist Ron Clarke, the skull was finally reconstructed and examined thoroughly.Despite this effort, there still is a good deal of distortion from the fossilization processes that took place. The small cranial capacity estimated at about 590-600 cc (cubic centimeters) is in part attributed to this cranial distortion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 author = Johanson D. Donald )〕 OH 24's face is described as being prognathic (projecting forward under the nose), as in other fossils from the ''Homo habilis'' family, but not quite to the extent of the earlier Australopithecus species. Besides manifesting lesser prognathism than the Australopithecus species, OH 24 also portrays a larger cranial vault, indicating an expansion in brain size from its Australopithecus ancestor, and the reduction of facial prognathisim typical of the evolution from Australopithecus to the early Homo. The individual's third molars had erupted, which indicates that OH 24- "Twiggy" was an adult at death. Yet, these molars show no sign of wear ( the points on the crowns of the teeth are still sharp, and show little sign of abrasion by rough food matter), indicating that this individual died soon after the eruption of these molars.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 author = Smithsonian )〕 Like the other fossils of ''Homo habilis'', OH 24 also manifests the slightly small teeth set in a U-shaped arch. Being one of the oldest fossils of ''Homo habilis'', OH 24 has been used to settle many disputes about splitting some of the early Homo fossils that have been found into Homo rudolfensis and ''Homo habilis'', or lumping them together into one single species, ''Homo habilis''. Some of the highly disputed fossils are KNM ER 1813 which most agree is a female ''Homo habilis'' and KNM ER 1470 which many argue has various anatomical differences to the previously known ''Homo habilis'' fossils that should make it be classified into the ''Homo rudolfensis'' species. ==See also== * List of fossil sites ''(with link directory)'' * List of hominina (hominid) fossils ''(with images)'' *KNM ER 1813 *KNM ER 1470 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「OH 24」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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